Software development is a complex – and risky – process involving multiple teams and dependencies. The trend toward shift-left and Agile development has led to the adoption of continuous integration/continuous delivery (CI/CD) pipelines, where developers work to implement and manage incremental code changes before building, testing, and merging it with a shared repository for deployment. In this primarily cloud-based development environment, multiple developers work simultaneously on the same codebase, making frequent commits to the code repository.
While this approach helps to accelerate innovation and enables teams to deliver new products to market faster, mistakes are bound to happen. This can create vulnerabilities that expose software applications to malicious activity:
- Shared, open-source code repositories imply granting access to many people.
- Build server and container misconfigurations are common, potentially resulting in faulty software.
- Secrets, keys, and credentials can be exposed, enabling unauthorized access.
- Poorly managed security settings and access controls are a golden opportunity for hackers.
- Without continual monitoring, vulnerabilities can remain in the environment indefinitely.